Diabetes is a widespread condition in the United States, affecting around 30 million Americans. This chronic illness can lead to numerous health complications, including issues with oral health. High blood sugar weakens the immune system, local dentist in Elmhurst making it harder for the body to fight infections, which means people with diabetes are more prone to dental problems. If you have diabetes, it’s crucial to keep an eye on these common oral conditions:
Gingivitis and Periodontitis
Gum disease is the most common oral health issue for individuals with diabetes. It occurs when bacteria in the mouth mix with saliva and food particles, forming plaque. This plaque buildup can lead to gum disease.
The early stage of gum disease is called gingivitis, which is characterized by inflammation of the gums around the teeth. Symptoms of gingivitis include:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding when brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath
- Receding gums
Diabetes increases the risk of gingivitis because high blood sugar also raises sugar levels in your saliva, creating an ideal environment for bacteria to thrive. Without treatment, gingivitis can progress into periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that damages the tissues and bones supporting your teeth.
Periodontitis cannot be reversed with brushing and flossing alone. It requires dental intervention, and if left untreated, it can lead to serious issues like infection of the jawbone, tooth loss, and even the need for gum surgery.
Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)
Diabetes can reduce saliva production, leading to dry mouth. Saliva plays a vital role in washing away bacteria and food particles from your mouth. With less saliva, bacteria can grow unchecked, increasing the risk of tooth decay, gum disease, and the development of sores or ulcers.
Infections
People with diabetes are also more susceptible to oral infections. One common infection is thrush, a fungal infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans, which thrives in sugar-rich environments. Symptoms of thrush include:
- Red or white patches on the tongue or inside the cheeks
- Open sores
Those who wear dentures are at even higher risk for thrush, as the fungus can grow under ill-fitting dentures.
Burning Mouth Syndrome
Conditions like thrush and dry mouth can also lead to burning mouth syndrome, which is characterized by symptoms such as:
- A burning or scalding sensation in the mouth
- Tingling or numbness
- Loss of taste
Slow Wound Healing
Diabetes slows the healing process, which means oral injuries or infections can take longer to heal and are more likely to worsen. This delayed healing increases the risk of infection, as open wounds provide more time for bacteria to enter.
How to Prevent Oral Health Problems
Fortunately, you can prevent many oral health issues by taking the following steps:
- Control your blood sugar: Keeping blood sugar levels in check will help protect your dental health.
- Brush and floss regularly: Brush twice a day for two minutes with a soft-bristled toothbrush and floss daily. Use an antimicrobial mouthwash to help reduce bacteria in your mouth.
- Time your brushing: Wait at least 30 minutes after eating before brushing to avoid damaging softened tooth enamel.
- Avoid tobacco: Whether smoked or smokeless, tobacco worsens both diabetes and oral health complications.
- Visit your dentist regularly: Schedule a dental checkup every six months or as recommended by your dentist. It’s also helpful to see a dentist familiar with treating patients with diabetes.
By following these preventive measures, you can maintain good oral health despite having diabetes. Staying proactive can prevent complications and keep your smile healthy.